What is paraffin? Paraffin wax is a general name for a mixture of solid higher alkanes. Let’s see together below how to write the chemical formula of paraffin, what paraffin is for and what paraffin is made of.
Paraffin wax chemical formula: CnH2n + 2, where n = 20~40.
Paraffin wax is a white waxy solid with a slight odor. It can be prepared by cold pressing or solvent dewaxing, sweating and other methods from the waxy fractions of natural or artificial oil.
Paraffin wax is a solid crystalline product that is extracted from petroleum. It is a variety of hydrocarbons, that is, a mixture of hydrocarbons of different molecular weights. It consists mainly of normal paraffins, some solid isoparaffins, cycloalkanes, and a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbons. Commercial paraffin wax typically has a carbon number between 22 and 36, a molecular weight between 360 and 540, and a boiling point between 300 and 550 degrees Celsius. As the molecular weight, boiling point, and melting point of the paraffin wax increase, the normal paraffins in the composition decrease, while the solid isoparaffins and naphthenes increase. The chemical composition of paraffin obtained from different crudes is also different.
Yellow paraffin wax or coarser wax still contains small amounts of non-hydrocarbon components. Although these complex organic compounds of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen contain only small amounts, the stability of paraffin wax is greatly reduced. Some ring-fused aromatic hydrocarbons in a small amount of aromatic compounds contained in paraffin are harmful to the human body, so ring-fused aromatic hydrocarbons such as paraffin used in food industry and medicine should be reduced below the index specified before that. It can be used.
In laboratory analysis of some paraffins, mass spectrometer data on the chemical composition of each fraction divided by the number of carbon atoms in the molecule show that the fractions with the fewest carbon atoms in the molecule are all normal alkanes and their number. . the number of carbon atoms increases, the concentration of isoparaffins and cycloalkanes increases, and the aromatic compounds present in the waxes only as carbon-containing fractions. Therefore, when the refining conditions are the same, in ordinary commercial paraffin wax, the molten ring aromatic hydrocarbon content in the low-grade wax is less than in the high-grade wax.
Paraffin wax is a mixture of hydrocarbons, so it does not have a high melting point like pure compounds. The so-called melting point of paraffin wax refers to the temperature at which a stagnation period first appears in the cooling curve when a molten paraffin sample is cooled under certain conditions. All wax products require good temperature resistance of paraffin wax, ie it does not melt, soften or mold at a certain temperature. Commercial paraffin waxes must have several different melting points depending on the conditions of use, areas of use, and seasons, as well as differences in the environment of use.
The biggest factor influencing the melting point of paraffin wax is the weight of the selected raw material fraction. Paraffin wax with a heavier fraction has a higher melting point. Furthermore, the oil content has a large effect on the melting point of the paraffin: the higher the amount of oil in the paraffin, the lower its melting point.
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