The mechanism of water reduction is that concrete first is the adsorption and dispersion of water reducer. After the admixture is added, the hydrophobic group of water reducer is directional adsorbed on the surface of cement particles, which is the same charge as the surface of cement. And under the action of isotropic electric repulsion, the floc structure formed by cement at the initial stage of adding water is dispersed and disintegrated, and the encapsulated cement molecules are released to achieve the effect of reducing water. The second is the wetting and lubricating effect of the admixture.
Commonly used water reducers include lignosulfonate water reducer, naphthalene type water reducer, melamine water reducer and polycarboxylate type water reducer, etc.
Under the condition that the concrete slump is basically the same, it can reduce the admixture of mixing water. According to the size of its water reducing rate, it can be divided into ordinary water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent and high performance water reducing agent.
At present, it is generally believed that the water-reducing effect of the water-reducing agent is mainly due to the adsorption, dispersion, and wetting and lubricating effects of the water-reducing agent. In the process of mixing cement with water, because the cement minerals contain components with different charges, the mutual attraction of positive and negative charges will cause the concrete to produce a flocculation structure, and the flocculation structure may also be caused by the thermal movement of cement particles in the solution.
These edges and corners collide and attract each other to form. Since the flocculation structure wraps a part of the mixing water and reduces the fluidity, the effect of the water reducing agent is manifested in the following three aspects.
Now, everyone generally accepts three theories on the mechanism of action of water reducing agents: electrostatic repulsion theory, steric hindrance effect theory, and slow release theory of reactive polymers.
This theory is mainly applicable to polycarboxylate water reducers. When the thickness of the adsorption layer on the surface of cement particles increases, it is conducive to the dispersion of cement particles and the release of free water between cement particles. The presence of a large number of comb-shaped side chains – (CH2-CH2-O) n- in the polymer molecules of polycarboxylic acid-based water reducers makes the molecular structure take on a comb-like shape and adsorbs on the surface of cement particles to form a larger adsorption layer. Its water-reducing effect is mainly caused by the steric hindrance effect caused by the macromolecular chain and its branches. After the more and longer branch chains contained in it are adsorbed on the surface of cement particles, a thicker three-dimensional cladding can be formed on the surface of cement particles, so that the cement can achieve a better and longer-lasting dispersion effect.
About the waxing process of candle machine
1. Follow wax: Add some water to the pot, put the solid paraffin into the pot (can melt the paraffin into wax water), melt it into liquid wax water until the pot is added to the configuration pigment color.
Soy Wax is a vegan wax made from the complete oiling of soybeans. Like honey, it is considered a natural wax, and 100% pure soy wax is often used in containers of soy wax.
Paraffin wax is a hydrocarbon mixture extracted from some distillates of petroleum, shale oil or other bituminous mineral oils. The main component is solid alkanes, odorless and tasteless, and it is a white or light yellow translucent solid.
Paraffin is a purified mixture of solid saturated hydrocarbons. Paraffin wax is a flaky or needle-like crystal obtained from lubricating oil fractions obtained by distillation of crude oil through solvent refining, wax freezing crystallization, and press dewaxing to obtain wax paste, and then solvent deoiling and hydrofining.
With the increasing popularity of scented candles, and the diversification of various candles, events need to be held, the atmosphere needs and incense. The demand for raw materials to make candles is also increasing.
refined paraffin wax candle: advantages, disadvantages and differences of other wax candle
Today, you can find all kinds of candles in sales – home furnishing, decoration, seasoning. You can select any shape and color. The composition of the product is also different.
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