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paraffin wax candles
paraffin wax candles
2020-10-31
Coconut Wax
100% Pure Coconut Wax
2020-11-16

Some knowledge of paraffin

After immersing the paper in paraffin wax, various wax papers with good waterproof performance can be prepared, which can be used in food, medicine and other packaging, metal rust prevention and printing industries; after paraffin wax is added to cotton yarn, the textile can be soft, smooth and elastic ; Paraffin wax can also be made into detergents, emulsifiers, dispersants, plasticizers, greases, etc. As the resources of animal wax and vegetable wax are becoming more and more scarce, most candles nowadays are made of paraffin wax. The paraffin wax melts when heated, and the candle glows, emits black smoke, and emits heat.

After immersing the paper in paraffin wax, various wax papers with good waterproof performance can be prepared, which can be used in food, medicine and other packaging, metal rust prevention and printing industries; after paraffin wax is added to cotton yarn, the textile can be soft, smooth and elastic ; Paraffin wax can also be made into detergents, emulsifiers, dispersants, plasticizers, greases, etc. As the resources of animal wax and vegetable wax are becoming more and more scarce, most candles nowadays are made of paraffin wax. The paraffin wax melts when heated, and the candle glows, emits black smoke, and emits heat.

There are several theories about the chemical element symbols of paraffin. One argument is that the main component of paraffin is a mixture of C and H. (It may contain oxygen, but this is not important) Its chemical element symbol is CxHy. Another argument is that paraffin wax is a mixture of several higher alkanes, mainly n-docosane (C22H46) and n-octadecane (C28H58), with about 85% carbon element and 14% hydrogen element. There is no single chemistry Element symbol.

Microcrystalline wax

  • Product name:  Microcrystalline wax (refined paraffin wax; petroleum wax)  
  • English product name:  Microcrystalline wax      
  • Cas No.:  67742-51-2  
  • Alias:  microcrystalline wax (refined paraffin wax; petroleum wax)  

The main component of (67742-51-2): a refined mixture of solid saturated paraffinic hydrocarbons (paraffins) in natural petroleum, mainly non-standard natural paraffin waxes. Microcrystalline wax (refined paraffin wax; petroleum paraffin) (67742-51-2) properties:     

  • Translucent colorless or white odorless and odorless wax.    
  • The solubility in organic solvents is not large, only slightly soluble in ketones, ethers and alcohols, but the solubility in aromatic hydrocarbons is relatively large.    
  • The products are divided into refined paraffin and microcrystalline paraffin. Refined paraffin is obtained from the lower molecular weight part of petroleum, and its viscosity after melting is lower than that of microcrystalline paraffin. The molecular weight, flash point and melting point of microcrystalline paraffin are generally higher than refined paraffin.    
  • Products are graded according to melting point (48~93℃) and color (amber to almost white).

Uses:  Microcrystalline wax (refined paraffin wax; petroleum paraffin) (67742-51-2) use:     

  • Gum gum-based chewing material; protective layer; polish; defoamer.    
  • Wax coating, moisture-proof, oil-proof and anti-sticking of food packaging paper. Description:  Preparation of microcrystalline wax (refined paraffin; petroleum paraffin) (67742-51-2): It is prepared from waxy fractions of natural petroleum by cold pressing or solvent dewaxing.

A certain amount of food grade antioxidants can be added. Microcrystalline wax (refined paraffin; petroleum paraffin) (67742-51-2) identification test:     

  • Solubility: insoluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in ether and hexane.    
  • melting range: 62~102℃.    
  • refractive index 1.434~1.448.    

The infrared spectrum of refined petroleum paraffin and microcrystalline paraffin should be in accordance with Figure 14018.

The analysis sample is melted and prepared on a cesium bromide or potassium bromide plate. Quality index analysis:     

1. Color: Take 10g of the sample, melt it on the steam bath, draw 5ml into a 16mm³150mm test tube, and keep it in a molten state. Take another 3.8ml of zirconium chloride test solution (TS-101) and 1.2ml of cobalt chloride test solution (TS-68), put them in another same test tube, compare the color against a white background, the sample should not be deeper than Standard sample. On the black background, there should be no fluorescence.

2. Carbon number at 5% distillation point   “Carbon number” refers to the number of carbon atoms in the sample molecule. useThe ASTM D 5442 method determines the carbon number of the sample distillate. Note: The optimum length and temperature of the fractionation column, such as wax with a carbon number higher than 45 can still be included. However, the compound composition of compounds with carbon number less than 25 should not exceed 5%.       3. Average molecular weight   The carbon number of the distillate obtained from the above “carbon number at 5% distillation point” is calculated by the following formula.       

Main ingredients:       

The refined mixture of solid saturated paraffinic hydrocarbons (paraffins) in natural petroleum, mainly non-standard paraffin natural products.      

Limit:       

  1. FDA, §172.886, (2000): Coating agents for gum base, cheese and fresh fruits, subject to GMP.      2. GB 2760—1996: GMP limited.      

Toxicity:       

  1. ADI 0~20mg/kg (including high melting point wax and high sulfur wax; FAO/WHO, 2001)  
  2. Can be used safely in food (FDA, §172.615, 2000)

The performance and classification of paraffin  

The United States Pharmacopoeia defines paraffin wax as a solid hydrocarbon mixture obtained from petroleum refining. It is a colorless or white, almost translucent substance with crystalline results, odorless and tasteless, and has a slightly greasy feel when touched. Its melting point is 43.3-Between 65.5°C. Paraffin wax is derived from the wax distillate of crude oil and separated from other low-melting waxes lost in the wax oil and sweat oil.

Paraffin wax is almost entirely composed of hydrocarbons, containing a higher proportion of normal alkanes or alkanes with few branches. Paraffin wax is a by-product of petroleum refining. It is usually separated from the wax fraction of crude oil. It requires atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, solvent distillation, solvent dewaxing and deoiling, hydrorefining, molding and packaging. Refined.      

Paraffin wax is divided into food wax, fully refined paraffin, semi-refined paraffin, crude wax, match wax and black wax.      

Paraffin wax is sold in many grades. The main difference is that the melting point is different. According to the melting point, it is divided into No. 52, No. 54, No. 56, No. 58, 60, No. 64, No. 66, No. 68, No. 70. The appearance of paraffin wax is white or light yellow crystal 151. Its chemical composition is a mixture of various alkanes, of which linear normal alkanes account for the majority (>60%), and a few are isoparaffins (about 23-30%) and Cycloalkanes (<l0%). Paraffin wax has no definite molecular formula. The general formula is CnHZn+2. The number of carbon atoms in the formula is n=17-36. The larger n is, the higher the melting point of paraffin wax; the melting point of paraffin wax is 52-70℃, and the relative density is O, 86 -0.94, the molecular weight is about 240-450. The oil content in paraffin will reduce the melting point and performance. The chemical activity of paraffin wax is relatively low, neutral, chemically stable, and does not interact with acids (except nitric acid) and alkaline solutions under normal conditions. Paraffin wax is not easy to decompose and carbonize below 140°C; it has certain strength and good plasticity, and is not easy to crack; but paraffin wax has a low softening point (about 30°C), large solidification shrinkage, and low surface hardness. Common commercial waxes on the market are: “AMO” (AMO) wax, “AMSCO” (AMSCO) wax, “Atlantic” (Atlanti.) wax, “CardiS” wax, “Mo “Mobilwxaes” (Mobilwxaes), a Canfield, (eanfield) wax, “Essowxaes”, “Shellwxaes” and so on.

Microcrystalline wax is separated from the residual oil left in the distillation pot through a series of complex solvent separation methods. It is mainly composed of C30-50 cycloalkanes and a small amount of normal and isoparaffins. They have the characteristics of high melting point and amorphous. The melting point of microcrystalline wax is generally 54.4OC to 90.6’C. Compared with paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax is tough and not easily broken. Most grades of microcrystalline wax are plastic. In terms of color, microcrystalline wax is milky white or light yellow. 

    Microcrystalline wax has excellent adhesion properties, and can have a tough bright film in a wide temperature range. Among the cream polishes, microcrystalline wax is very important. It can replace beeswax and mineral wax, and it can also improve the smoothness of the polish. Melting point is 88

The 92°C microcrystalline wax can be used as an anti-caking additive in paper coating materials and electrical applications, as well as for the laminate of cellophane and for preparing pastry wrapping paper that will not produce oil stains on hot days. The common commercial microcrystalline waxes on the market are: “Amsco” AMSCO) microcrystalline wax, “Aristowaxes” wax, “Bareeo” wax, “Sovawxaes” and so on.

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